---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Carmen Toledo
Date: Thu, Jan 4, 2018 at 5:28 PM
Date: Thu, Jan 4, 2018 at 5:28 PM
I would
like to show you a phenomenon and a scientific machine.
On the one hand, I
´m a teacher, and I had the opportunity with my physics students to visit in
the Science´s week in Madrid an activity called “Superconductivity”. What does this term mean?
Superconductivy
is the property of zero electrical resistance in some substances at very low
absolute temperatures. This capacity produces interesting and potentially
useful effects. Let´s go to watch a video to check the behaviour of
superconductor materials that experience superconductivity.
I found this
phenomenon quite surprising to my students and myself. But what´s the reason
why the materials have resistance zero at low temperature?
Let´s to analyze
it with an example, Suppose you have a piece of gold wire in an electrical
circuit. Gold is one of the best conductors there is: it shows very little resistance
to electricity. But it increases its temperature and offers much more
resistance. In general terms, the higher the temperature, the more thermal
vibrations there are within the crystalline structure and the harder electrons
will find it flow. On the contrary, if you lower the gold, you reduce the
vibrations and make the electrons flow more easily.
On the other hand,
I want to show you the largest and most
powerful particle Accelerator. It
surprise me because it enormous dimensions . The LHC (the large hadron
collider) consists of a 27-kilometre ring of superconducting magnets with a
number of accelerating structures to boost the energy of the particles along
the way.
The mechanism is
complex but basically is used to generate electromagnetic fields to accelerate
charged particles at high speeds, and thus, collide with other particles in
order to desintegrate the particles, then Scientifics can study that the starting
particles were based on the generated particles.
Fortunatelly,
today the European
Center for Nuclear Research (CERN) is available to be visited by students and teachers, to help
both groups learn more about CERN, particle physics and our place in the
universe.
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